FORM
Auxiliary - has/have + been ( present perfect of BE)
+ Main Verb + -ing = Gerund
Examples:
- You have been waiting here for two hours.
- Have you been waiting here for two hours?
- You have not been waiting here for two hours.
- You have been waiting here for two hours.
- Have you been waiting here for two hours?
- You have not been waiting here for two hours.
Use
Both tenses are used to express that an action began in the past and is still going on or has just finished. In many cases, both forms are correct, but there is often a difference in meaning: We use the Present Perfect Simple mainly to express that an action is completed or to emphasise the result. We use the Present Perfect Progressive to emphasise the duration or continuous course of an action.
Certain verbs
The following verbs are usually only used in Present Perfect Simple (not in the progressive form).
- state: be, have (for possession only)Example: We have been on holiday for two weeks.
- senses: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, touchExample: He has touched the painting.
- brain work: believe, know, think, understandExample: I have known him for 3 years.
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